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OpenHarmony三方库组件：httpclient

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OpenHarmony三方库组件：httpclient简介
HTTP是现代应用程序通过网络交换数据和媒体的的主要方式。httpclient是OpenHarmony 里一个高效执行的HTTP客户端，使用它可使您的内容加载更快&

简介

HTTP 是现代应用程序通过Internet 交换数据和媒体的主要方式。 httpclient 是OpenHarmony 的高效HTTP 客户端。这使您的内容加载速度更快并节省流量。

httpclient 基于著名的OKHTTP，并集成了android-async-http、AutobahnAndroid、OkGo 等库的功能，在OpenHarmony 中创建一个高效、易于使用且功能全面的网络请求库。

当前版本的httpclient依赖、扩展和发展了系统提供的网络请求功能和上传下载功能，实现了以下功能：

1.支持调试开关、超时、公共请求头和请求参数等全局设置，并支持链式调用。

2. 自定义任务调度程序维护一个任务队列，用于处理同步/异步请求。

3.支持标签取消请求。

4.支持配置自定义拦截器。

5.支持重定向。

6.支持客户端提取。

7.支持文件上传和下载。

8.支持cookie管理。

9.支持请求内容的加密和解密。

10.支持自定义请求。

11.支持身份认证。

12.支持证书验证。

13.支持响应缓存。

14.支持请求配置中的responseData属性。

15.支持请求优先级设置。

16.支持证书锁定。

下载安装

ohpm 安装@ohos/httpclient

有关更多信息，包括OpenHarmony ohpm 环境配置，请参阅如何安装OpenHarmony ohpm 软件包。

使用说明

API的使用方式发生了变化（旧的httpclient已经停止使用），新的使用方式请参考以下步骤。

入口module.json5添加网络请求权限

\’请求权限\’: [

{

\’名称\’: \’ohos.permission.INTERNET\’

},

{

\’名称\’: \’ohos.permission.GET_NETWORK_INFO\’

}

]

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient,TimeUnit };

获取HttpClient对象并配置超时时间

this.client=new HttpClient.Builder()

.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)

.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)

.setWriteTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)

。建造（）;

let status :string=\’\’ //响应代码

let content:string=\’\’ //响应内容

GET请求方法示例

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request,Logger };

//设置请求参数

让request=new Request.Builder()

.get(\’https://postman-echo.com/get?foo1=bar1foo2=bar2\’)

.addHeader(\’内容类型\’, \’application/json\’)

.params(\’testKey1\’, \’testValue1\’)

.params(\’testKey2\’, \’testValue2\’)

。建造（）;

//开始请求

this.client.newCall(请求).enqueue((结果)={

如果（结果）{

this.status=result.responseCode.toString();

}

if (结果.结果) {

this.内容=结果.结果；

} 除此之外{

this.content=JSON.stringify(结果);

}

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 状态： \’ + this.status);

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 内容： \’ + JSON.stringify(this.content));

},(错误)={

this.status=error.code.toString();

this.content=error.data;

Logger.info(\’onError – 错误： \’ + this.content);

});

})

POST请求方法示例

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request,RequestBody,Logger };

让request: request=new Request.Builder()

.url(\’https://1.94.37.200:8080/user/requestBodyPost\’)

.post(请求正文.create(

{

\’邮箱\’: \’zhang_san@gmail.com\’,

\’姓名\’: \’zhang_san\’

}

,new Mime.Builder().contentType(\’application/json\’).build().getMime()))

.ca([这个.certData])

。建造（）;

this.client.newCall(请求).execute().then((结果)={

如果（结果）{

this.status=result.responseCode.toString();

}

if (结果.结果) {

this.内容=结果.结果；

} 除此之外{

this.content=JSON.stringify(结果);

}

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 状态： \’ + this.status);

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 内容： \’ + JSON.stringify(this.content));

}).catch((错误)={

this.status=error.code.toString();

this.content=error.data;

Logger.error(\’onError – 错误： \’ + this.content);

});

})

POST请求方法带两个参数示例

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request,RequestBody,Mime,Logger };

让request=new Request.Builder()

.url(\’https://postman-echo.com/post\’)

.post(请求正文.create({

a: \’a1\’, b: \’b1\’

}, new Mime.Builder()

.contentType(\’application/json\’, \’charset\’, \’utf8\’).build().getMime()))

。建造（）;

//启动同步请求

this.client.newCall(请求).execute().then((结果)={

如果（结果）{

this.status=result.responseCode.toString();

}

if (结果.结果) {

this.内容=结果.结果；

} 除此之外{

this.content=JSON.stringify(结果);

}

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 状态： \’ + this.status);

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 内容： \’ + JSON.stringify(this.content));

}).catch((错误)={

this.status=error.code.toString();

this.content=error.data;

Logger.error(\’onError – 错误： \’ + this.content);

});

POST请求方法使用FormEncoder示例

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request,FormEncoder,Logger };

让formEncoder=new FormEncoder.Builder()

.add(\’电子邮件\’,\’zhang_san@gmail.com\’)

.add(\’名字\’,\’zhang_san\’)

。建造（）;

让feBody=formEncoder.createRequestBody();

让request: request=new Request.Builder()

.url(\’https://1.94.37.200:8080/user/requestParamPost\’)

//提交表单请求时，将header 中的Content-Type 值设置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded

.addHeader(\’内容类型\’,\’application/x-www-form-urlencoded\’)

.post(feBody)

.ca([这个.certData])

。建造（）;

this.client.newCall(请求).execute().then((结果)={

如果（结果）{

this.status=result.responseCode.toString();

}

if (结果.结果) {

this.内容=结果.结果；

} 除此之外{

this.content=JSON.stringify(结果);

}

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 状态： \’ + this.status);

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 内容： \’ + JSON.stringify(this.content));

}).catch((错误)={

this.status=error.code.toString();

this.content=error.data;

Logger.error(\’onError – 错误： \’ + this.content);

});

PUT请求示例

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request, RequestBody,Logger };

让request: request=new Request.Builder()

.url(\’https://1.94.37.200:8080/user/createUser\’)

.put(请求体.create(

{

‘年龄’: 0,

\’创建时间\’: \’2024-03-08T06:12:53.876Z\’,

\’邮件\’: \’字符串\’,

‘性别’: 0,

\’移动\’: \’字符串\’,

\’名称\’: \’字符串\’,

\’更新时间\’: \’2024-03-08T06:12:53.876Z\’,

\’userUuid\’: \’字符串\’

}, new Mime.Builder().contentType(\’application/json\’).build()))

.ca([这个.certData])

。建造（）;

this.client.newCall(请求).execute().then((结果)={

如果（结果）{

this.status=result.responseCode.toString();

}

if (结果.结果) {

this.内容=结果.结果；

} 除此之外{

this.content=JSON.stringify(结果);

}

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 状态： \’ + this.status);

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 内容： \’ + JSON.stringify(this.content));

}).catch((错误)={

this.status=error.code.toString();

this.content=error.data;

Logger.error(\’onError – 错误： \’ + this.content);

});

DELETE请求示例

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request, RequestBody,Logger };

让request=new Request.Builder()

.url(\’https://reqres.in/api/users/2\’)

。擦除（）

。建造（）;

this.client.newCall(请求).execute().then((结果)={

如果（结果）{

this.status=result.responseCode.toString();

}

if (结果.结果) {

this.内容=结果.结果；

} 除此之外{

this.content=JSON.stringify(结果);

}

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 状态： \’ + this.status);

Logger.info(\’onComplete – 内容： \’ + JSON.stringify(this.content));

}).catch((错误)={

this.status=error.code.toString();

this.content=error.data;

Logger.error(\’onError – 错误： \’ + this.content);

});

tag取消请求示例

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request, RequestBody,Logger };

让request=new Request.Builder()

。获得（）

.url(这个.echo服务器)

.tag(\’tag123\’) //设置请求的标签

.addHeader(\’内容类型\’, \’application/json\’)

。建造（）;

this.client.newCall(请求).enqueue((结果)={

如果（结果）{

this.status=result.responseCode.toString();

}

if (结果.结果)

this.内容=结果.结果；

除此之外

this.content=JSON.stringify(结果);

}，（错误）={

this.content=JSON.stringify(错误);

});

this.client.cancelRequestByTag(\’tag123\’); //通过标签取消请求。

文件上传示例

获取上传文件的路径，生成上传文件（此步骤可以省略，也可以使用命令将上传文件导入到设备中），同时生成上传文件的进程路径

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request, FileUpload,Logger };

让这里AbilityContext: Context=getContext();

让hereCacheDir:字符串=hereAbilityContext.cacheDir;

让hereFilesDir:字符串=hereAbilityContext.filesDir;

常量ctx=这个

Logger.info(\’缓存目录\’ + 这里CacheDir)

让filePath=这里CacheDir + 文件名。

Logger.info(\’文件路径\’ + 文件路径)

让fd=fs.openSync(filePath, fs.OpenMode.READ_WRITE | fs.OpenMode.CREATE)

fs.truncateSync(fd.fd)

fs.writeSync(fd.fd, \’测试httpclient\’)

fs.fsyncSync(fd.fd)

fs.closeSync(fd)

Logger.info(\’writeSync\’);

Logger.info(\’文件创建成功\’)

//文件上传目前仅支持两种协议类型：“Data possible”和“Internal”。

//但是，“internal”仅支持临时目录。示例：external://cache/path/to/file.txt

//所以我们需要将获取到的文件路径转换为内部格式的路径

filePath=filePath.replace(hereCacheDir, \’internal://cache\’);

开始上传

从\’@ohos/httpclient\’ 导入{ HttpClient, Request, FileUpload,Logger };

让这里AbilityContext: Context=getContext();

让hereCacheDir:字符串=hereAbilityContext.cacheDir;

让hereFilesDir:字符串=hereAbilityContext.filesDir;

//创建文件上传对象并包装参数

let fileUploadBuilder = new FileUpload.Builder()
.addFile(filePath)
.addData(\”name2\”, \”value2\”)
.build();
Log.showInfo(\’about to set : abilityContext – cacheDir = \’ + hereCacheDir);
Log.showInfo(\’about to Set : abilityContext – filesDir = \’ + hereFilesDir);
Log.showInfo(\”type of :\” + typeof hereAbilityContext)
// 生成上传参数
let request = new Request.Builder()
.url(this.fileServer)
.body(fileUploadBuilder)
.setAbilityContext(hereAbilityContext)
.build();
this.client.newCall(request).execute().then((data) => {
// 上传进度回调监听
data.uploadTask.on(\’progress\’, (uploadedSize, totalSize) => {
Logger.info(\’progress—>uploadedSize: \’ + uploadedSize
+ \’ ,totalSize—>\’ + totalSize);
if (uploadedSize == totalSize){
Logger.info(\”upload success\”)
}
})
// 上传完毕回调监听
data.uploadTask.on(\’headerReceive\’, (headers) => {
Logger.info( \’progress—>uploadSize: \’ + JSON.stringify(headers));
})
}).catch((error)=> {
this.status = \”\”;
this.content = error.data;
Logger.error(\”onError -> Error : \” + this.content);
});

文件下载请求示例

import { HttpClient, Request,Logger } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let hereAbilityContext: Context = getContext();
let hereFilesDir: string = hereAbilityContext.filesDir;
try {
this.status = \”\”;
let fPath = hereFilesDir + \”/sampleEnqueue.jpg\”;

// request可以不设置下载路径fPath，如果不设置下载路径fPath，下载的文件默认缓存在cache文件夹
let request = new Request.Builder()
.download(\”https://imgkub.com/images/2022/03/09/pexels-francesco-ungaro-15250411.jpg\”, fPath)
.setAbilityContext(hereAbilityContext)
.build();
// 发起请求
this.client.newCall(request).enqueue((data) => {
// 设置下载完成监听
data.downloadTask.on(\’complete\’, () => {
Logger.info(\” download complete\”);
this.content = \”Download Task Completed\”;
});
// 设置下载进度监听
data.downloadTask.on(\”progress\”, ( receivedSize, totalSize)=>{
Logger.info(\” downloadSize : \”+receivedSize+\” totalSize : \”+totalSize);
this.content = \”\”+(receivedSize/totalSize)*100;
});
}, (error)=> {
this.status = \”\”;
this.content = error.data;
Logger.error(\”onError -> Error : \” + this.content);
});
} catch (err) {
Logger.error(\” execution failed – errorMsg : \”+err);
}

二进制文件分片上传示例

导入上传文件至应用cache目录 ，并使用chown命令修改用户权限

1. 查询应用cache沙箱路径对应的物理路径
2. 进入此物理路径，修改cache下的文件如uoload.rar的权限为同一个user_id
2.1 查询user_id 使用： ps -ef | grep cn.openharmony.httpclient 注：替换自己的包名即可,查询结果的第一列即为user_id
3.使用chown {user_id}:{user_id} uploar.rar 本例： chown 20010042:20010042 upload.rar

开始上传

import { HttpClient, Request,BinaryFileChunkUpload,Logger } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let hereAbilityContext: Context = getContext();
let hereCacheDir: string = hereAbilityContext.cacheDir;

// 待上传文件路径
let filePath: string = this.hereCacheDir + \’/\’ + this.fileName
let fileUploadBuilder = new BinaryFileChunkUpload.Builder()
.addBinaryFile(hereAbilityContext, {
filePath: filePath,
fileName: this.fileName,
chunkSize: 1024 * 1024 * 4,
name: \’chunk\’
})
.addData(\’filename\’, this.fileName)
.addUploadProgress(this.uploadCallback.bind(this))
.addUploadCallback(this.callStat.bind(this))
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder()
.url(this.baseUrl + \’/upload\’)
.setAbilityContext(hereAbilityContext)
.body(fileUploadBuilder)
.build();
this.client.newCall(request).execute();

拦截器使用示例

import { Chain, Dns, HttpClient, Interceptor, Request, Response, TimeUnit, Utils,Logger } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
// 通过addInterceptor添加拦截器
// addInterceptor允许调用多次，添加多个拦截器，拦截器的调用顺序根据添加顺序来决定
let request = new Request.Builder()
.url(\’https://postman-echo.com/post\’)
.post()
.body(RequestBody.create(\’test123\’))
.setDefaultConfig(defaultConfigJSON)
.addInterceptor(new CustomInterceptor())
.build();

this.client.newCall(request).execute().then((result) => {
if (result) {
this.status = result.responseCode.toString();
}
if (result.result) {
this.content = result.result;
} else {
this.content = JSON.stringify(result);
}
Logger.info(\”onComplete -> Status : \” + this.status);
Logger.info(\”onComplete -> Content : \” + JSON.stringify(this.content));
}).catch((error) => {
this.status = error.code.toString();
this.content = error.data;
Logger.error(\”onError -> Error : \” + this.content);
});
export class CustomInterceptor implements Interceptor {
intercept(chain: Chain): Promise<Response> {
return new Promise<Response>(function (resolve, reject) {
let request = chain.requestI();
Logger.info(\”request = \” + request)
let response = chain.proceedI(request)
Logger.info(\”response = \” + response)
response.then((data) => {
resolve(data)
}).catch((err) => {
reject(err)
})
})
}
}

gzip解压缩示例

客户端编解码文本

import { FileUpload, gZipUtil, HttpClient, Mime, Request, RequestBody } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’
//编码文本
const test = \”hello, GZIP! this is a gzip word\”;
let compressed = gZipUtil.gZipString(test);
//解码文本
let restored = gZipUtil.ungZipString(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(compressed)));
let result = \”解码后数据:\” + restored
客户端编码文件

// 编码文件
let appInternalDir: string = this.getContext().cacheDir;
let encodeStr = \”hello, GZIP! this is a gzip word\”
let resourcePath = appInternalDir + \”/hello.txt\”;
let gzipPath = appInternalDir + \”/test.txt.gz\”;
let fd = fs.openSync(resourcePath, fs.OpenMode.READ_WRITE | fs.OpenMode.CREATE);
fs.truncateSync(fd.fd);
fs.writeSync(fd.fd, encodeStr);
fs.fsyncSync(fd.fd)
fs.closeSync(fd);
gZipUtil.gZipFile(resourcePath, gzipPath);
客户端解码文件

// 解压缩字符串
let appInternalDir = getContext().cacheDir;
let gzipPath = appInternalDir + \”/test.txt.gz\”;
let dest = appInternalDir + \”/hello2.txt\”;
await gZipUtil.ungZipFile(gzipPath, dest);
let fileID = fs.openSync(dest, fs.OpenMode.READ_WRITE | fs.OpenMode.CREATE)
// 获取文件信息
let stat = fs.statSync(fileID.fd);
let size = stat.size // 文件的大小，以字节为单位
let buf = new ArrayBuffer(size);
fs.readSync(fileID.fd, buf)
let textDecoder = new util.TextDecoder(\”utf-8\”, { ignoreBOM: true });
let decodedString = textDecoder.decode(new Uint8Array(buf), { stream: false });
let result=\’解压成功\’
result = \’\\n原编码文件路径:\’ + gzipPath + \’\\n\’
result += \’\\n解码后路径:\’ + dest + \’\\n\’
result += \’\\n文件大小:\’ + size + \’ byte\’ + \’\\n\’
result += \’\\n解码结果:\’ + decodedString + \’\\n\’
let test = \”hello, GZIP! this is a gzip word\”;
let requestBody: RequestBody = RequestBody.create(test);
let request: Request = new Request.Builder()
.url(\’http://www.yourserverfortest.com\’)
.post(requestBody)
// 添加Accept-Encoding请求头，进行gzip压缩
.addHeader(\’Accept-Encoding\’, \’gzip\’)
// 添加压缩后传送数据类型
.addHeader(\’Content-Type\’, \’application/octet-stream\’)
// 将压缩数据转成buffer对象
.setGzipBuffer(true)
.build();
this.client.newCall(request).execute().then((result) => {
if (result.result) {
Logger.info(\’返回结果: \’ + result.result);
} else {
Logger.info(\’返回结果: \’ + JSON.stringify(result));
}
}).catch((err) => {
Logger.error(\’请求状态: \’ + error.code.toString());
})
http支持自动解压缩

let requestBody1 = RequestBody.create(\’your data\’, new Mime.Builder().build().getMime())
let request = new Request.Builder()
.url(\’http://www.yourserverfortest.com\’)
.post(requestBody1)
.addHeader(\”Content-Type\”, \”text/plain\”)
.addHeader(\”Accept-Encoding\”, \”gzip\”)
.build();
this.client.newCall(request).enqueue((result) => {
this.status = \’\\n返回状态：\’ + result.responseCode + \’\\n\’;
if (result.result) {
this.content += \’\\n返回结果：\’ + result.result + \’\\n\’;
this.content += \’\\n返回header：\’ + JSON.stringify(result.header) + \’\\n\’;
} else {
this.content += \’\\n返回结果：\’ + result.result + \’\\n\’;
}

}, (error) => {
this.status = \’请求状态：\’ + error.code.toString();
this.content = error.data;

});
http上传gzip文件

let hereCacheDir: string = getContext().cacheDir;
let appInternalDir = hereCacheDir;
let destpath = appInternalDir + \”/test2.txt.gz\”;
destpath = destpath.replace(hereCacheDir, \”internal://cache\”);
let fileUploadBuilder = new FileUpload.Builder()
.addFile(destpath)
.addData(\”filename\”, \”test2.txt\”)
.build();
let fileObject = fileUploadBuilder.getFile();
let dataObject = fileUploadBuilder.getData();
let request = new httpclient.Request.Builder()
.url(\’http://www.yourserverfortest.com\’)
.addFileParams(fileObject, dataObject)
.setAbilityContext(this.hereAbilityContext)
.build();
this.client.newCall(request).execute().then((data) => {
data.uploadTask.on(\’progress\’, (uploadedSize, totalSize) => {
Logger.info(\’Upload progress—>uploadedSize: \’ + uploadedSize + \’ ,totalSize—>\’ + totalSize);
this.content = \”当前上传大小：\” + uploadedSize + \’byte\\n\’
if (uploadedSize >= totalSize) {
Logger.info(\’Upload finished\’);
this.content += \”\\n上传总文件大小：\” + totalSize + \’byte\\n\’
this.content += \”\\n上传文件路径：\” + appInternalDir + \”/test2.txt.gz\\n\”
}
})
data.uploadTask.on(\’headerReceive\’, (headers) => {
Logger.info(\’Upload—>headerReceive: \’ + JSON.stringify(headers));
})
data.uploadTask.on(\’complete\’, (data) => {
this.status = \”上传完成\”
this.status += \”\\n上传结果：\” + data[0].message
Logger.info(\’Upload—>complete,data: \’ + JSON.stringify(data));
})
}).catch((error) => {
this.status = \”\”;
this.content = error;
Logger.error(\”onError -> Error : \” + this.content);
});
http下载gzip文件

let hereAbilityContext: Context = getContext();
let hereFilesDir: string = this.hereAbilityContext.filesDir;
this.downloadfile = this.hereFilesDir + \’/yourserverUrlFileName\’;
let request = new Request.Builder()
.download(\’http://www.yourserverfortest.com/yourserverUrlFileName\’)
.setAbilityContext(this.hereAbilityContext)
.build();
this.client.newCall(request).execute().then(async (data) => {
data.downloadTask.on(\’progress\’, (receivedSize, totalSize) => {
this.content = \’\\n下载文件大小:\’ + receivedSize + \’ byte\\n\’
this.content += \’\\n下载文件总大小:\’ + totalSize + \’ byte\\n\’
this.content += \”\\n下载文件路径：\” + this.downloadfile + \’\\n\’
})
data.downloadTask.on(\’complete\’, async () => {
let appInternalDir = this.hereFilesDir;
let dest = appInternalDir + \”/helloServer.txt\”;
await gZipUtil.ungZipFile(this.downloadfile, dest);
let fileID = fs.openSync(dest, fs.OpenMode.READ_WRITE | fs.OpenMode.CREATE)
// 获取文件信息
let stat = fs.statSync(fileID.fd);
let size = stat.size // 文件的大小，以字节为单位
let buf = new ArrayBuffer(size);
fs.readSync(fileID.fd, buf)
let textDecoder = new util.TextDecoder(\”utf-8\”, { ignoreBOM: true });
let decodedString = textDecoder.decode(new Uint8Array(buf), { stream: false });
this.status = \’下载成功\’
this.content += \’\\n下载文件内容:\’ + decodedString + \’\\n\’
})
}).catch((error) => {
this.status = \’请求状态：\’ + error.code.toString();
this.content = error.data;
Logger.error(\”onError -> Error : \” + JSON.stringify(error));
});

cookie管理示例

初始化

import {CookieJar,CookieManager,CookiePolicy,CookieStore,HttpClient,Request,RequestBody,
TimeUnit,Logger} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let hereCacheDir: string = getContext().cacheDir;
client: any = new HttpClient
.Builder()
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
cookieJar = new CookieJar();
cookieManager = new CookieManager();
store = new CookieStore(hereCacheDir);

给httpclient设置cookie管理的参数

Logger.info(\”http cookiejarRequest request sending \”);
this.cookiemanager.setCookiePolicy(httpclient.CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ALL);// 设置缓存策略
this.cookiejar.setCookieStore(this.store); // 设置cookie存取处理对象
//first request to get the cookie
let request1 = new Request.Builder()
.get(this.commonServer) //Modify URL
.tag(\”tag_cookie1\”)
.cookieJar(this.cookiejar) // 给httpclient设置缓存处理对象
.cookieManager(this.cookiemanager) // 给httpclient设置缓存策略管理对象
.addHeader(\”Content-Type\”, \”application/json\”)
.build();
this.client.newCall(request1).enqueue(this.onComplete, this.onError);
// 设置httpclient请求回调

onComplete: function (result) {
if (result.response) {
this.status = result.response.responseCode;
}
if (result.response.result)
this.content = result.response.result;
else
this.content = JSON.stringify(result.response);
Logger.info(\”onComplete -> Content : \” + JSON.stringify(this.content));
},
onError: function (error) {
Logger.error(\”onError -> Error : \” + error);
this.content = JSON.stringify(error);
Logger.error(\”onError -> Content : \” + JSON.stringify(this.content));
},

请求内容加解密示例

导入加密库crypto-js

\”dependencies\”: {
\”@ohos/crypto-js\”: \”^1.0.2\”
}
引入加密模块

import { CryptoJS } from \’@ohos/crypto-js\’
const secretKey: string = \’abcd1234\’
使用AES加密请求内容，解密响应结果

import {HttpClient,Request,RequestBody,TimeUnit,Logger} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let request = new Request.Builder()
.post()
.body(RequestBody.create(\”test123\”))
.url(this.echoServer)
.addInterceptor(new CustomInterceptor())
.build();
// 发起请求
this.client.newCall(request).execute().then((result) => {
if (result) {
this.status = result.responseCode.toString();
}
if (result.result)
this.content = result.result;
else
this.content = JSON.stringify(result.response);
}).catch((error) => {
this.content = JSON.stringify(error);
});
import {Interceptor,Chain,Response,Logger} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
class CustomInterceptor implements Interceptor {
intercept(chain: Chain): Promise<Response> {
return new Promise<Response>(function (resolve, reject) {
let request = chain.requestI();
Logger.info(\”request = \” + request)
Logger.info(\”inside AES interceptor request\” + JSON.stringify(request.body.content))
let encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(request.body.content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(secretKey), {
iv: CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(\’0000000000\’),
mode: CryptoJS.mode.CBC,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,
format: CryptoJS.format.Hex
}).toString()
request.body.content = encrypted;
let response = chain.proceedI(request)
Logger.info(\”response = \” + response)
response.then((data) => {
resolve(data)
Logger.info(\”inside AES interceptor response\”)
let decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(data.result, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(secretKey), {
iv: CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(\’0000000000\’),
mode: CryptoJS.mode.CBC,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,
format: CryptoJS.format.Hex
}).toString()
Logger.log(\”AES decrypt = \” + decrypted);
data.result = decrypted;
}).catch((err) => {
reject(err)
})
})
}
}

自定义请求示例

同步自定义请求

import {HttpClient,Request,RequestBody,TimeUnit,Logger} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let request = new Request.Builder()
.url(\”https://postman-echo.com/post\”)// 配置对应url
.post(RequestBody.create(\”test123\”))
.addHeader(\”Content-Type\”, \”text/plain\”)
.setEntryObj(new Weather()) //设置自定义请求的实体对象
.build();
this.client.newCall(request)
.executed() // 发起同步请求
.then(result => {
// 得到的是一个自定义请求类型的对象
Logger.info(\’Custom Request Result\’ + JSON.stringify(result));
})
.catch(err => {
Logger.error(\’Custom Request Error\’ + JSON.stringify(err));
});
异步自定义请求

let request = new Request.Builder()
.url(\”https://postman-echo.com/post\”) // 配置对应url
.post(RequestBody.create(\”test123\”))
.addHeader(\”Content-Type\”, \”text/plain\”)
.setEntryObj(new Weather(), true) //设置自定义请求的实体对象,异步需要传入true,否则执行的是常规请求
.build();
this.client.newCall(request)
// 发起异步请求
.enqueue((result) => {
// 得到的是一个自定义请求类型的对象
Logger.info(\’Custom Request Result == \’ + JSON.stringify(result));
}, (error) => {
Logger.error(\’Custom Request error == \’ + JSON.stringify(error));
})

Multipart/form-data示例

创建RequestBody并使用创建的RequestBoy初始化MultiPart生成器

import {HttpClient,Request,RequestBody,MultiPart,TimeUnit,Mime,Logger} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let requestBody1 = RequestBody.create({Title: \’Multipart\’, Color: \’Brown\’},new Mime.Builder().contentDisposition(\’form-data; name=\”myfile\”\’).contentType(\’text/plain\’, \’charset\’, \’utf8\’).build().getMime())
let requestBody2 = RequestBody.create(\”HttpClient\”,new Mime.Builder().contentDisposition(\’form-data; name=\”http\”\’).contentType(\’text/plain\’, \’charset\’, \’utf8\’).build().getMime())
let requestBody3 = RequestBody.create(data,new Mime.Builder().contentDisposition(\’form-data; name=\”file\”;filename=\”httpclient.txt\”\’).contentType(\’text/plain\’, \’charset\’, \’utf8\’).build().getMime())
let boundary = \”webKitFFormBoundarysioud821\”;
let multiPartObj = new MultiPart.Builder()
.type(httpclient.MultiPart.FORMDATA)
.addPart(requestBody1)
.addPart(requestBody2)
.addPart(requestBody3)
.build();
let body = multiPartObj.createRequestBody();
在请求/响应中使用multipart

let request = new Request.Builder()
.url(this.echoServer)
.post(body)
.addHeader(\”Content-Type\”, \”multipart/form-data\”)
.params(\”LibName\”, \”HttpClient-ohos\”)
.params(\”Request\”, \”MultiData\”)
.build()

身份认证

创建client、request对象，使用NetAuthenticator对象对用户名和密码加密进行身份认证

import {HttpClient,Request,NetAuthenticator,TimeUnit,Mime,Logger} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let client = new HttpClient.Builder().setConnectTimeout(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.authenticator(new NetAuthenticator(\’jesse\’, \’password1\’))
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder()
.get(\”https://publicobject.com/secrets/hellosecret.txt\”)
.addHeader(\”Content-Type\”, \”application/json\”)
.build();
client.newCall(request).execute().then((result) => {
Logger.info(\’authenticator:\’ + result.responseCode.toString())
if (result) {
Logger.info(\’authenticator:\’ + result.responseCode.toString())
}
})

证书校验

将证书文件放入resources的rawfile文件件下，例如将client_rsa_private.pem.unsecure私钥文件放入rawfile文件夹下

import { HttpClient, RealTLSSocket, Request, StringUtil, TLSSocketListener, Utils } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let currentALPNProtocols = [\”spdy/1\”, \”http/1.1\”]
let currentPasswd = \”123456\”
let currentSignatureAlgorithms = \”rsa_pss_rsae_sha256:ECDSA+SHA256\”
let currentCipherSuites = \”AES256-SHA256\”
let ifUseRemoteCipherPrefer = true
let protocols = [socket.Protocol.TLSv12]
let keyRes = \’client_rsa_private.pem.unsecure\’
let certRes = \’client.crt\’
let caRes = [\’ca.crt\’]
let url = \”https://106.15.92.248:5555\”
let client = new HttpClient.Builder().build();
let realTlsSocet = new RealTLSSocket();
let hereResourceManager: resmgr.ResourceManager = getContext().resourceManager;
realTlsSocet.setLisenter(new TLSSocketListenerImpl(this.content))
realTlsSocet.setKeyDataByRes(hereResourceManager, keyRes, (errKey, resultKey) => {
})
.setCertDataByRes(hereResourceManager, certRes, (errCert, resulterrKey) => {
})
.setCaDataByRes(hereResourceManager, caRes, (errCa, resultCa) => {
})
.setUseRemoteCipherPrefer(ifUseRemoteCipherPrefer)
.setSignatureAlgorithms(currentSignatureAlgorithms)
.setCipherSuites(currentCipherSuites)
.setPasswd(currentPasswd)
.setProtocols(protocols)
.setALPNProtocols(currentALPNProtocols)
let request: Request = new Request.Builder().setTlsRequst(realTlsSocet).url(url).build();
client.newCall(request).execute()
class TLSSocketListenerImpl extends TLSSocketListener {
constructor(content: string) {
super(content);
}
onBind(err: string, data: string): void {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onBind:data:绑定成功\’
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onBind:data:正在链接..\’
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onBind:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
onMessage(err: string, data: object): void {
if (!!!err) {
let bufferContent = buffer.from(data[\’message\’])
let unitString: ArrayBuffer = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(bufferContent)).data;
let resultData: ESObject = Utils.Utf8ArrayToStr(unitString);
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onMessage:接收服务器消息:\’ + JSON.stringify(resultData)
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onMessage:服务器路由:\’ + JSON.stringify(data[\’remoteInfo\’])
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onMessage:接收服务器消息:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
onConnect(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onConnect:data:\’ + ((!!data && data != undefined) ? data : \’连接成功\’)
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onConnect:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
if (err[\’code\’] == 0) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onConnect:err:连接不上服务器，请确认服务器是否可用，确认客户端是否联网\’
}
}
}
onSend(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onSend:data:发送成功\’
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onSend:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
onClose(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onClose:data:\’ + data
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onClose:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
onError(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onError:data:\’ + data
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onError:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
if (err[\’errorNumber\’] = -1 || JSON.stringify(err).includes(\’951\’)) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:onError:err:连接不上服务器，请确认服务器是否可用，确认客户端是否联网\’
}
}
}
onVerify(verifyName: string, err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\n\’ + verifyName + \’:校验证书通过\’
this.content += \’\\n校验证书数据:\’ + data
} else {
this.content += \’\\n\’ + verifyName + \’ err:\’ +JSON.stringify(err)
}
this.content += \’\\n\’
}
setExtraOptions(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:setExtraOptions:data:设置成功\’
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:setExtraOptions:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
offConnect(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:offConnect:data:\’ + data
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:offConnect:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
offClose(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:offClose:data:\’ + data
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:offClose:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
offMessage(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:offMessage:data:\’ + data
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:offMessage:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
offError(err: string, data: string) {
if (!!!err) {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:offError:data:\’ + data
} else {
this.content += \’\\ntlsSoket:offError:err:\’ + JSON.stringify(err)
}
}
}

自定义证书校验

将证书文件放入resources的rawfile文件件下，例如将CA证书ca.crt文件放入rawfile文件夹下

let client: HttpClient = new HttpClient
.Builder()
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
Logger.info(TAG, \’HttpClient end\’);
let context: Context = getContext();
let CA: string = await new GetCAUtils().getCA(this.ca, context);
Logger.info(TAG, \’request begin\’);
Logger.info(TAG, \’CA:\’, JSON.stringify(CA));
let request: Request = new Request.Builder()
.url(this.url)
.method(\’GET\’)
.ca([CA])
.build();
Logger.info(TAG, \’request end\’);
client.newCall(request)
.checkCertificate(new SslCertificateManagerSuccess())
.enqueue((result: Response) => {
this.result = \”自定义证书return success, result: \” + JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result)), null, 4);
Logger.info(TAG, \”自定义证书return success, result: \” + JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result)), null, 4));
}, (err: Response) => {
this.result = \”自定义证书return failed, result: \” + JSON.stringify(err);
Logger.info(TAG, \”自定义证书return failed, result: \”, JSON.stringify(err));
});
export class SslCertificateManager implements X509TrustManager {
checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate: certFramework.X509Cert): void {
Logger.info(TAG, \’Get Server Trusted X509Certificate\’);
// 时间校验成功的设置值
let currentDayTime = StringUtil.getCurrentDayTime();
let date = currentDayTime + \’Z\’;
try {
X509Certificate.checkValidityWithDate(date); // 检查X509证书有效期
console.error(\’checkValidityWithDate success\’);
} catch (error) {
console.error(\’checkValidityWithDate failed, errCode: \’ + error.code + \’, errMsg: \’ + error.message);
error.message = \’checkValidityWithDate failed, errCode: \’ + error.code + \’, errMsg: \’ + error.message;
throw new Error(error);
}
}
checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate: certFramework.X509Cert): void {
Logger.info(TAG, \’Get Client Trusted X509Certificate\’);
let encoded = X509Certificate.getEncoded(); // 获取X509证书序列化数据
Logger.info(TAG, \’encoded: \’, JSON.stringify(encoded));
let publicKey = X509Certificate.getPublicKey(); // 获取X509证书公钥
Logger.info(TAG, \’publicKey: \’, JSON.stringify(publicKey));
let version = X509Certificate.getVersion(); // 获取X509证书版本
Logger.info(TAG, \’version: \’, JSON.stringify(version));
let serialNumber = X509Certificate.getCertSerialNumber(); //获取X509证书序列号
Logger.info(TAG, \’serialNumber: \’, serialNumber);
let issuerName = X509Certificate.getIssuerName(); // 获取X509证书颁发者名称
Logger.info(TAG, \’issuerName: \’, Utils.Uint8ArrayToString(issuerName.data));
let subjectName = X509Certificate.getSubjectName(); // 获取X509证书主体名称
Logger.info(TAG, \’subjectName: \’, Utils.Uint8ArrayToString(subjectName.data));
let notBeforeTime = X509Certificate.getNotBeforeTime(); // 获取X509证书有效期起始时间
Logger.info(TAG, \’notBeforeTime: \’, notBeforeTime);
let notAfterTime = X509Certificate.getNotAfterTime(); // 获取X509证书有效期截止时间
Logger.info(TAG, \’notAfterTime: \’, notAfterTime);
let signature = X509Certificate.getSignature(); // 获取X509证书签名数据
Logger.info(TAG, \’signature: \’, Utils.Uint8ArrayToString(signature.data));
let signatureAlgName = X509Certificate.getSignatureAlgName(); // 获取X509证书签名算法名称
Logger.info(TAG, \’signatureAlgName: \’, signatureAlgName);
let signatureAlgOid = X509Certificate.getSignatureAlgOid(); // 获取X509证书签名算法的对象标志符OID(Object Identifier)
Logger.info(TAG, \’signatureAlgOid: \’, signatureAlgOid);
let signatureAlgParams = X509Certificate.getSignatureAlgParams(); // 获取X509证书签名算法参数
Logger.info(TAG, \’signatureAlgParams: \’, Utils.Uint8ArrayToString(signatureAlgParams.data));
let keyUsage = X509Certificate.getKeyUsage(); // 获取X509证书秘钥用途
Logger.info(TAG, \’keyUsage: \’, Utils.Uint8ArrayToString(keyUsage.data));
let extKeyUsage = X509Certificate.getExtKeyUsage(); //获取X509证书扩展秘钥用途
Logger.info(TAG, \’extKeyUsage: \’, JSON.stringify(extKeyUsage));
let basicConstraints = X509Certificate.getBasicConstraints(); // 获取X509证书基本约束
Logger.info(TAG, \’basicConstraints: \’, JSON.stringify(basicConstraints));
let subjectAltNames = X509Certificate.getSubjectAltNames(); // 获取X509证书主体可选名称
Logger.info(TAG, \’subjectAltNames: \’, JSON.stringify(subjectAltNames));
let issuerAltNames = X509Certificate.getIssuerAltNames(); // 获取X509证书颁发者可选名称
Logger.info(TAG, \’issuerAltNames: \’, JSON.stringify(issuerAltNames));
let tbs = X509Certificate.getItem(certFramework.CertItemType.CERT_ITEM_TYPE_TBS).data; // 获取X509证书TBS(to be signed)
Logger.info(TAG, \’tbs: \’, base64.fromByteArray(tbs));
let pubKey = X509Certificate.getItem(certFramework.CertItemType.CERT_ITEM_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY); // 获取X509证书公钥.
Logger.info(TAG, \’pubKey: \’, base64.fromByteArray(pubKey.data));
let extensions = X509Certificate.getItem(certFramework.CertItemType.CERT_ITEM_TYPE_EXTENSIONS).data;
Logger.info(TAG, \’extensions: \’, base64.fromByteArray(extensions));
}
}

WbSocket接口请求示例

import { HttpClient, RealWebSocket, Request, TimeUnit, WebSocket, WebSocketListener,Logger } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
class MyWebSocketListener implements WebSocketListener {
onOpen(webSocket: RealWebSocket, response: string) {
Logger.info(\”ws——onOpen\”);
};
onMessage(webSocket: RealWebSocket, text: string) {
Logger.info(\”ws——onMessage\”);
};
onClosing(webSocket: RealWebSocket, code: number, reason: string) {
Logger.info(\”ws——onClosing\”);
};
onClosed(webSocket: RealWebSocket, code: number, reason: string) {
Logger.info(\”ws——onClosed\”);
};
onFailure(webSocket: RealWebSocket, e: Error, response?: string) {
Logger.error(\”ws——onFailure–\” + e.message);
};
}
let client = new HttpClient
.Builder()
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder()
.url(this.url)
.params(\”\”,\”\”)
.params(\”\”,\”\”)
.build();
//发起websocket请求
ws = client.newWebSocket(request, new MyWebSocketListener(this.connectStatus, this.chatArr));
//向服务器发送消息
ws.send(this.msg).then((isSuccess) => {
if (isSuccess) {
this.chatArr.push(new User(1, this.msg))
Logger.info(\”ws——sendMessage–success:\”);
} else {
Logger.error(\”ws——sendMessage–FAIL:\”);
}
})

自定义DNS解析

通过dns()接口lookup自定义DNS解析：只进行解析

import { Chain, Dns, HttpClient, Interceptor, Request, Response, TimeUnit, Utils,Logger } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
export class CustomDns implements Dns {
lookup(hostname: string): Promise<Array<connection.NetAddress>> {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
connection.getAddressesByName(hostname).then((netAddress) => {
resolve(netAddress)
}).catch((err: BusinessError) => {
reject(err)
});
})
}
}
let client = new HttpClient.Builder()
.dns(new CustomDns())
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder().url(this.url).build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue((result) => {
Logger.info(\”dns—success—\” + JSON.stringify(result));
}, (err) => {
Logger.error(\”dns—failed—\” + JSON.stringify(err));
});
通过dns()接口lookup自定义dns解析：传入自定义DNS

import { Chain, Dns, HttpClient, Interceptor, Request, Response, TimeUnit, Utils,Logger } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
export class CustomAddDns implements Dns {
lookup(hostname: string): Promise<Array<connection.NetAddress>> {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
connection.getAddressesByName(hostname).then((netAddress) => {
netAddress.push({\’address\’: \’xx.xx.xx.xx\’});
resolve(netAddress)
}).catch((err: BusinessError) => {
reject(err)
});
})
}
}
let client = new HttpClient.Builder()
.dns(new CustomDns())
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder().url(this.url).build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue((result) => {
Logger.info(\”dns—success—\” + JSON.stringify(result));
}, (err) => {
Logger.error(\”dns—failed—\” + JSON.stringify(err));
});
通过dns()接口lookup自定义dns解析：重定向DNS

import { Chain, Dns, HttpClient, Interceptor, Request, Response, TimeUnit, Utils,Logger } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
export class CustomAddDns implements Dns {
lookup(hostname: string): Promise<Array<connection.NetAddress>> {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
connection.getAddressesByName(hostname).then((netAddress) => {
netAddress = [{\’address\’: \’xxx.xx.xx.xxx\’}];
resolve(netAddress)
}).catch((err: BusinessError) => {
reject(err)
});
})
}
}
let client = new HttpClient.Builder()
.dns(new CustomDns())
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder().url(this.url).build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue((result) => {
Logger.info(\”dns—success—\” + JSON.stringify(result));
}, (err) => {
Logger.error(\”dns—failed—\” + JSON.stringify(err));
});
通过拦截器接口自定义DNS解析

export class CustomInterceptor implements Interceptor {
intercept(chain: Chain): Promise<Response> {
return new Promise<Response>(function (resolve, reject) {
let originRequest = chain.requestI();
let url = originRequest.url.getUrl();
let host = Utils.getDomainOrIp(url)
connection.getAddressesByName(host).then(function (netAddress) {
let newRequest = originRequest.newBuilder()
if (!!netAddress) {
url = url.replace(host, netAddress[0].address)
newRequest.url(url)
}
let newResponse = chain.proceedI(newRequest.build())
resolve(newResponse)
}).catch(err => {
resolve(err)
});
})
}
}
let client = new HttpClient
.Builder()
//设置自定义拦截器
.addInterceptor(new CustomInterceptor())
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder().url(this.url).build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue((result) => {
Logger.info(\”dns—success—\” + JSON.stringify(result));
}, (err) => {
Logger.error(\”dns—failed—\” + JSON.stringify(err));
});

响应缓存示例

添加响应缓存示例

import {
Cache,
CacheControl,
Dns,
HttpClient,
Logger,
Request,
Response,
StringUtil,
TimeUnit,
Utils,
X509TrustManager
} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
import { Utils as GetCAUtils } from \”../utils/Utils\”;
caPem = \”noPassword/ca.pem\”;
let cache = new Cache.Cache(getContext().cacheDir, 10 * 1024 * 1024, getContext());
let httpClient = new HttpClient
.Builder().dns(new CustomDns())
.cache(cache)
.setConnectTimeout(10000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let caFile: string = await new GetCAUtils().getCA(this.caPem, context);
// 服务端返回header请求
let request = new Request.Builder()
.get()
.url(\’https://1.94.37.200:8080/cache/e/tag\’)
.ca([caFile])
.build();
// 手动设置header请求
request = new Request.Builder()
.get()
.url(\’https://1.94.37.200:8080/cache/max/age\’)
.addHeader(\”Cache-Control\”, \”max-age=30\”)
.ca([caFile])
.build();
// 手动设置cache请求
request = new Request.Builder()
.get()
.url(\’https://1.94.37.200:8080/cache/no/cache\’)
.cacheControl(CacheControl.FORCE_CACHE())
.ca([caFile])
.build();
httpClient
.newCall(request)
.checkCertificate(new sslCertificateManager())
.execute().then((result) => {
…
})
export class CustomDns implements Dns {
…
}
export class SslCertificateManager implements X509TrustManager {
…
}

请求配置responseData属性示例

添加请求配置responseData属性示例

import { HttpClient, Request, Logger, TimeUnit, Response , HttpDataType} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let client: HttpClient = new HttpClient.Builder()
.setConnectTimeout(1000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(1000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setWriteTimeout(1000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder()
.get(\”https://postman-echo.com/get?foo1=bar1&foo2=bar2\”)
.addHeader(\”Content-Type\”, \”application/json\”)
.setHttpDataType(HttpDataType.STRING)
.build();
client.newCall(request).execute().then((result: Response) => {})

请求优先级

设置请求优先级

import { HttpClient, Request, Logger } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
// 配置请求优先级
let request = new Request.Builder()
.get(\’https://postman-echo.com/get?foo1=bar1&foo2=bar2\’)
.setPriority(5)
.build();
// 发起请求
this.client.newCall(request).enqueue((result) => {
if (result) {
this.status = result.responseCode.toString();
}
if (result.result) {
this.content = result.result;
} else {
this.content = JSON.stringify(result);
}
Logger.info(\”onComplete -> Status : \” + this.status);
Logger.info(\”onComplete -> Content : \” + JSON.stringify(this.content));
}, (error)=> {
this.status = error.code.toString();
this.content = error.data;
Logger.info(\”onError -> Error : \” + this.content);
});

网络事件监听

设置网络事件监听

import { Dns, HttpClient, Request, Response, BusinessError, IOException, EventListener, HttpCall } from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
// 自定义网络事件监听
let client = new HttpClient.Builder()
.addEventListener(new HttpEventListener())
.build();
let request = new Request.Builder()
.get(this.url)
.build();
client.newCall(request).execute().then((result) => {})
class HttpEventListener extends EventListener {
protected startTime: number = 0;
logWithTime(message: string) {
const nosTime: number = new Date().getTime();
if (message == \’callStart\’) {
this.startTime = nosTime;
}
const elapsedTime: number = (nosTime – this.startTime) / 1000;
Logger.info(\’自定义EventListener\’ + elapsedTime + \’ \’ + message );
}

callStart(call: HttpCall) {
this.logWithTime(\’callStart\’);
};

requestHeadersStart(call: HttpCall) {
this.logWithTime(\’requestHeadersStart\’);
}
requestHeadersEnd(call: HttpCall, request: Request) {
this.logWithTime(\’requestHeadersEnd\’);
}
…
}

证书锁定示例

设置证书锁定

import {
Dns,
HttpClient,
Request,
Response,
TimeUnit,
CertificatePinnerBuilder
} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
import { Utils } from \”../utils/Utils\”;
let certificatePinner = new CertificatePinnerBuilder()
.add(\’1.94.37.200\’, \’sha256/WAFcHG6pAINrztx343nlM3jYzLOdfoDS9pPgMvD2XHk=\’)
.build()
let client: HttpClient = new HttpClient
.Builder()
.dns(new CustomDns())
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let context: Context = getContext();
let CA: string = await new Utils().getCA(\’caPin.crt\’, context);
let request: Request = new Request.Builder()
.url(\’https://1.94.37.200:8080/user/getUserByUuid?userUuid=1\’)
.method(\’GET\’)
.ca([CA])
.build();
client.newCall(request)
.setCertificatePinner(certificatePinner)
.enqueue((result: Response) => {
this.result = \”响应结果success\” + JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result)), null, 4)
Logger.info(\”证书锁定—success—\” + JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result)), null, 4));
}, (err: BusinessError) => {
this.result = \”响应结果fail\” + JSON.stringify(err)
Logger.info(\”证书锁定—failed— \”, JSON.stringify(err));
});

添加代理示例

添加代理示例

import {Cache,Chain,DnsResolve,FormEncoder,HttpClient,Interceptor, Mime,MultiPart,Request,RequestBody,Response} from \’@ohos/httpclient\’;
let client: HttpClient = new HttpClient
.Builder()
.setProxy(new Proxy(Type.HTTP,\’xx.xx.xx.xx\’,80))
.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.setReadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
let request: Request = new Request.Builder()
.url(\’http://publicobject.com/helloworld.txt\’)
.method(\’GET\’)
.build();
CacheClient.newCall(request).execute().then((result) => {})

接口说明

Request.Builder

接口名参数返回值说明setAbilityContextabilityContextRequest.Builder设置上下文，用于上传下载的参数convertorconvertorTypeRequest.Builder设置转换器类型，用于将响应结果解析转换为需要的类型setCookieJarcookieJarRequest.Builder设置cookieJar，用于自动获取缓存的cookie，并自动设置给请求头setCookieManagercookieManagerRequest.Builder设置cookie管理器，用于设置cookie策略retryOnConnectionFailureisRetryOnConnectionFailureRequest.Builder设置当前请求失败是否重试retryMaxLimitmaxValueRequest.Builder设置当前请求可以重试的最大次数retryConnectionCountcountRequest.Builder设置当前请求当前已经重试次数followRedirectsaFollowRedirectsRequest.Builder设置当前请求是否是允许重定向redirectMaxLimitmaxValueRequest.Builder设置当前请求可以重定向的最大次数redirectionCountcountRequest.Builder设置当前请求当前已经重定向次数addInterceptorreq, respRequest.Builder添加拦截器，req参数是请求拦截器，resp是响应拦截器。本方法允许多次调用添加多个拦截器。参数允许为空。headersvalueRequest.Builder当前请求设置请求头cachevalueRequest.Builder设置当前请求开启缓存addHeaderkey, valueRequest.Builder当前请求的请求头添加参数setDefaultUserAgentvalueRequest.Builder当前请求设置默认的用户代理，它是一个特殊字符串头，使得服务器能够识别客户使用的操作系统及版本、CPU 类型、浏览器及版本、浏览器渲染引擎、浏览器语言、浏览器插件等。setDefaultContentTypevalueRequest.Builder当前请求设置默认的媒体类型信息。bodyvalueRequest.Builder当前请求设置请求体urlvalueRequest.Builder当前请求设置请求地址tagvalueRequest.Builder当前请求设置标签，用于取消请求methodvalueRequest.Builder当前请求设置请求请求方式paramskey, valueRequest.Builder当前请求设置请求参数，用于拼接在请求路径url后面addFileParamsfiles, dataRequest.Builder当前请求添加文件上传参数setFileNamenameRequest.Builder当前请求设置文件名，用于下载请求geturlRequest.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为GET，如果参数url不为空则还需为request设置请求路径urlputbodyRequest.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为PUT，如果参数body不为空则还需为request设置请求体bodydelete暂无Request.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为DELETEhead暂无Request.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为HEADoptions暂无Request.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为OPTIONSpostbodyRequest.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为POST，如果参数body不为空则还需为request设置请求体bodyuploadfiles, dataRequest.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为UPLOAD，同时设置文件列表参数files和额外参数datadownloadurl,filenameRequest.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为DOWNLOAD，如果参数filename不为空则还需为request设置文件名filenametrace暂无Request.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为TRACEconnect暂无Request.Builder当前请求的请求方式设置为CONNECTsetDefaultConfigdefaultConfigRequest.Builder当前请求添加默认配置，主要包括设置默认的content_type和user_agent，可以通过传入一个json文件的方式来全局配置build暂无Request.Builder当前请求根据设置的各种参数构建一个request请求对象setEntryObjvalue,flagRequest.Builder设置自定义请求对象，第一个参数是自定义实体空对象，第二个参数异步请求需要传入true用来表示是自定义请求，同步可不传，默认为falsesetHttpDataTypeHttpDataTypeRequest.Builder返回设置响应的数据类型,未设置该属性时，默认返回string数据类型。setPrioritynumberRequest.Builder当前请求设置优先级

HttpClient.Builder

接口名参数返回值说明addInterceptoraInterceptorHttpClient.Builder为HTTP请求客户端添加拦截器，用于在发起请求之前或者获取到相应数据之后进行某些特殊操作authenticatoraAuthenticatorHttpClient.Builder为HTTP请求客户端添加身份认证，可以在请求头中添加账号密码等信息。setConnectTimeouttimeout, unitHttpClient.Builder为HTTP请求客户端设置连接超时时间setReadTimeouttimeout, unitHttpClient.Builder为HTTP请求客户端设置读取超时时间setWriteTimeouttimeout, unitHttpClient.Builder为HTTP请求客户端设置写入超时时间_setTimeOuttimeout, timeUnit, timeoutTypeHttpClient.Builder为HTTP请求客户端设置超时时间，根据timeoutType来区分是连接超时时间还是读取超时时间或者是写入超时时间。build暂无HttpClient.Builder构建HTTP请求客户端对象dnsdns: DnsHttpClient.Builder设置自定义DNS解析addEventListenerEventListenerHttpClient.Builder添加网络事件监听setProxytype,host,portHttpClient.Builder

HttpCall

接口名参数返回值说明getRequest暂无Request获取当前请求任务的请求对象getClient暂无HttpClient获取当前请求任务的请求客户端execute暂无Promise当前请求任务发起同步请求enqueue暂无暂无当前请求任务发起异步请求getSuccessCallback暂无Callback获取当前请求任务的请求成功回调接口getFailureCallback暂无Callback获取当前请求任务的请求失败回调接口cancel暂无暂无取消当前请求任务isCancelled暂无Boolean获取当前请求任务是否成功取消了executed暂无Promise当前自定义请求任务发起同步请求checkCertificateX509TrustManagerHttpCall设置自定义证书校验函数setCertificatePinnercertificatePinnerHttpCall设置证书锁定

X509TrustManager

接口名参数返回值说明checkClientTrustedcertFramework.X509Certvoid校验客户端证书checkServerTrustedcertFramework.X509Certvoid校验服务器证书

WebSocket

接口名参数返回值说明request暂无Request获取RequestqueueSize暂无number获取队列大小sendtext: string ArrayBufferPromise向服务器发送消息closecode: number, reason?: stringPromise断开连接

WebSocketListener

接口名参数返回值说明onOpenwebSocket: RealWebSocket, response: stringvoidWebSocket连接成功监听回调onMessagewebSocket: RealWebSocket, text: string ArrayBuffervoidWebSocket服务端响应监听回调onClosedwebSocket: RealWebSocket, code: number, reason: stringvoidWebSocket连接关闭监听回调onFailurewebSocket: RealWebSocket, e: Error, response?: stringvoidWebSocket连接失败监听回调

RealWebSocket

接口名参数返回值说明request暂无Request获取RequestqueueSize暂无number获取队列大小sendtext: string ArrayBufferPromise向服务器发送消息closecode: number, reason?: stringPromise断开连接

RequestBody

接口名参数返回值说明createcontent : String/JSON Object of Key:Value pairRequestBody创建RequestBody对象

RequestBuilder

接口名参数返回值说明buildAndExecute无void构建并执行RequestBuildernewCall无void执行请求headername:String,value:StringRequestBuilder传入key、value构建请求头connectTimeouttimeout:LongRequestBuilder设置连接超时时间urlvalue:StringRequestBuilder设置请求urlGET无RequestBuilder构建GET请求方法PUTbody:RequestBodyRequestBuilder构建PUT请求方法DELETE无RequestBuilder构建DELETE请求方法POST无RequestBuilder构建POST请求方法UPLOADfiles:Array, data:ArrayRequestBuilder构建UPLOAD请求方法CONNECT无RequestBuilder构建CONNECT请求方法

MimeBuilder

接口名参数返回值说明contentTypevalue:Stringvoid添加MimeBuilder contentType。

FormEncodingBuilder

接口名参数返回值说明addname:String,value:Stringvoid以键值对形式添加参数build无void获取RequestBody对象

FileUploadBuilder

接口名参数返回值说明addFilefuri : Stringvoid添加文件URI到参数里用于上传addDataname:String,value:Stringvoid以键值对形式添加请求数据buildFile无void生成用于上传的文件对象buildData无void构建用于上传的数据

BinaryFileChunkUploadBuilder

接口名参数返回值说明addBinaryFileabilityContext, chunkUploadOptionsvoid添加分片上传配置信息addDataname:String,value:Stringvoid以键值对形式添加请求数据addUploadCallbackcallbackvoid添加上传完成/失败回调addUploadProgressuploadProgressCallbackvoid添加上传进度回调

RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor

接口名参数返回值说明interceptchain: ChainPromise拦截响应结果followUpRequestrequest: Request, userResponse: ResponseRequest根据请求结果生成重试策略retryAfteruserResponse: Response, defaultDelay: numbernumber获取响应header中的Retry-After

Dns

接口名参数返回值说明lookuphostname: StringPromise<Array<connection.NetAddress>>自定义DNS解析

NetAuthenticator

接口名参数返回值说明constructoruserName: string, password: stringvoid添加用户名和密码authenticaterequest: Request, response: ResponseRequest对请求头添加身份认证凭证

RealTLSSocket

接口名参数返回值说明setCaDataByResresourceManager: resmgr.ResourceManager, resName: string[], callBackvoid设置Ca证书或者证书链setCertDataByResresourceManager: resmgr.ResourceManager, resName: string, callBackvoid设置本地数字证书setKeyDataByResresourceManager: resmgr.ResourceManager, resName: string, callBackvoid设置密钥setOptionsoptions: socket.TLSSecureOptionsRealTLSSocket设置tls连接相关配置setAddressipAddress: stringvoid设置ip地址setPortport: numbervoid设置端口bindcallback?:(err,data)=>voidvoid绑定端口connectcallback?:(err,data)=>voidvoid建立tls连接senddata, callback?:(err,data)=>voidvoid发送数据getRemoteCertificatecallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid获取远程证书getSignatureAlgorithmscallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid获取签名算法setVerifyisVerify: booleanvoid设置是否校验证书verifyCertificatecallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid证书校验setCertificateManagercertificateManager: CertificateManagervoid自定义证书校验

TLSSocketListener

接口名参数返回值说明onBinderr: string, data: stringvoid绑定端口监听onMessageerr: string, data: stringvoid接收消息监听onConnecterr: string, data: stringvoid连接服务器监听onCloseerr: string, data: stringvoid关闭监听onErrorerr: string, data: stringvoid错误监听onSenderr: string, data: stringvoid发送监听setExtraOptionserr: string, data: stringvoid设置其他属性操作监听

CertificateVerify

接口名参数返回值说明verifyCertificatecallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid证书校验verifyCipherSuitecallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid加密套件验证verifyIpAddresscallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid地址校验verifyProtocolcallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid通信协议校验verifySignatureAlgorithmscallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid签名算法校验verifyTimecallback:(err,data)=>voidvoid有效时间校验

Cache

接口名参数返回值说明constructorfilePath: string,maxSize: number,context: Contextvoid设置journal创建的文件地址和大小keyurl:stringstring返回一个使用md5编码后的urlgetrequest: RequestResponse根据request读取本地缓存的缓存信息putresponse: Responsestring写入响应体removerequest: Requestvoid删除当前request的响应缓存信息evictAllNAvoid删除全部的响应缓存信息updatecache: Response, network: Responsevoid更新缓存信息writeSuccessCountNAnumber获取写入成功的计数sizeNAnumber获取当前缓存的大小maxSizeNAnumber获取当前缓存的最大值flushNAvoid刷新缓存closeNAvoid关闭缓存directoryNAstring获取当前文件所在的文件地址trackResponsecacheStrategy: CacheStrategy.CacheStrategyvoid设置命中缓存的计数trackConditionalCacheHitNAnumber增加跟踪条件缓存命中networkCountNAnumber添加网络计数hitCountNAnumber获取点击次数requestCountNAnumber获取请求的计数

CacheControl

接口名参数返回值说明FORCE_NETWORKNACacheControl强制请求使用网络请求FORCE_CACHENACacheControl强制请求使用缓存请求noCacheNAboolean获取当前请求头或者响应头是否包含禁止缓存的信息noStoreNAboolean获取当前请求头或者响应头是否包含禁止缓存的信息maxAgeSecondsNAnumber获取缓存的最大的存在时间sMaxAgeSecondsNAnumber获取缓存的最大的存在时间isPrivateNAboolean获取是否是私有的请求isPublicNAboolean获取是否是公有的请求mustRevalidateNAboolean获取是否需要重新验证maxStaleSecondsNAnumber获取最大的持续秒数minFreshSecondsNAnumber最短的刷新时间onlyIfCachedNAboolean获取是否仅缓存noTransformNAboolean没有变化immutableNAboolean获取不变的parseNACacheControl根据header创建 CacheControltoStringNAstring获取缓存控制器转字符串BuilderNABuilder获取CacheControl的Builder模式noCacheNABuilder设置不缓存noStoreNABuilder设置不缓存maxAgemaxAge: numberBuilder设置最大的请求或响应的时效maxStaleNABuilder设置不缓存onlyIfCachedNABuilder设置仅缓存noTransformNABuilder设置没有变化immutableNABuilder设置获取不变的buildNACacheControlBuilder模式结束返回CacheControl对象

gZipUtil

接口名参数返回值说明gZipStringstrvalue:stringany编码字符串ungZipStringstrvalue:anystring解码字符串gZipFilesrcFilePath:string, targetFilePath:stringvoid编码文件ungZipFilesrcFilePath:string, targetFilePath:stringvoid解码文件stringToUint8Arraystr:stringUint8Array字符串转Uint8Array

HttpDataType

指定返回数据的类型。

接口名值说明STRING0字符串类型。OBJECT1对象类型。ARRAY_BUFFER2二进制数组类型。

CertificatePinnerBuilder

指定证书锁定内容。

接口名参数返回值说明addhostname:string,sha:stringCertificatePinnerBuilder添加证书锁定参数buildNACertificatePinner构造证书锁定实例

约束与限制

在下述版本验证通过：

DevEco Studio 版本： 4.1 Canary(4.1.3.317), OpenHarmony SDK: API11 (4.1.0.36)

DevEco Studio 版本： 4.1 Canary(4.1.3.319), OpenHarmony SDK: API11 (4.1.3.1)

DevEco Studio 版本： 4.1 Canary(4.1.3.500), OpenHarmony SDK: API11 (4.1.5.6)

目录结构

|—- httpclient
| |—- entry # 示例代码文件夹
| |—- library # httpclient 库文件夹
|—- builders # 请求体构建者模块 主要用于构建不同类型的请求体，例如文件上传，multipart
|—- cache # 缓存的事件数据操作模块
|—- callback # 响应回调模块，用于将相应结果解析之后转换为常见的几种类型回调给调用者，例如string,JSON对象，bytestring
|—- code # 响应码模块，服务器返回的响应结果码
|—- connection # 路由模块，管理请求中的多路由
|—- cookies # cookie管理模块，主要处理将响应结果解析并根据设置的缓存策略缓存响应头里面的cookie，取出cookie，更新cookie
|—- core # 核心模块，主要是从封装的request里面解析请求参数和相应结果，调用拦截器，处理错误重试和重定向，dns解析，调用系统的@ohos.net.http模块发起请求
|—- dispatcher # 任务管理器模块，用于处理同步和异步任务队列
|—- http # 判断http method类型
|—- interceptor # 拦截器模块，链式拦截器处理网络请求
|—- protocols # 支持的协议
|—- response # 响应结果模块，用于接收服务端返回的结果
|—- utils # 工具类，提供dns解析，gzip解压缩，文件名校验，打印日志，获取URL的域名或者IP，双端队列等功能
|—- HttpCall.ts # 一个请求任务，分为同步请求和异步请求，封装了请求参数，请求客户端，请求成功和失败的回调，请求是否取消的标志。
|—- HttpClient.ts # 请求客户端，用于生成请求任务用于发起请求，设置请求参数，处理gzip解压缩，取消请求。
|—- Interceptor.ts # 拦截器接口
|—- Request.ts # 请求对象，用于封装请求信息，包含请求头和请求体。
|—- RequestBody.ts # 请求体，用于封装请求体信息。
|—- WebSocket.ts # websocket模块回调接口。
|—- RealWebSocket.ts # websocket模块，用于提供websocket支持。
|—- WebSocketListener.ts # websocket状态监听器。
|—- Dns.ts # 用于自定义自定义DNS解析器。
|—- CertificatePinner.ts # 证书锁定类构建器。
|—- DnsSystem.ts # 系统默认DNS解析器。
|—- Route.ts # 路由。
|—- RouteSelector.ts # 路由选择器。
|—- Address.ts # 请求地址。
|—- authenticator # 身份认证模块，用于提供网络请求401之后身份认证。
|—- tls # 证书校验模块，用于tls的证书解析和校验。
|—- enum # 参数对应的枚举类型。
|—- index.ts # httpclient对外接口
| |—- README.MD # 安装使用方法

最后

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总结

总的来说，华为鸿蒙不再兼容安卓，对中年程序员来说是一个挑战，也是一个机会。只有积极应对变化，不断学习和提升自己，他们才能在这个变革的时代中立于不败之地。 
#以上关于OpenHarmony三方库组件：httpclient的相关内容来源网络仅供参考，相关信息请以官方公告为准！

原创文章，作者：CSDN，如若转载，请注明出处：https://www.sudun.com/ask/92593.html

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